Vertigo

at Allergy & ENT Associates of Middle TN

Vertigo is a form of dizziness characterized by the sensation that you or your surroundings are moving or spinning, even though there is no actual movement. This sensation is typically caused by disturbances in the inner ear or the brain.



At Allergy & ENT Associates, we evaluate the underlying cause of vertigo in order to recommend the most appropriate treatment and help restore balance and comfort.

What Vertigo Can Affect

Vertigo can interfere with daily activities and may impact:


  • Balance and equilibrium



  • Ability to focus visually


  • Movement and coordination


  • Comfort during standing or walking


Because vertigo may be linked to inner ear or neurological conditions, evaluation is important.

Types of Vertigo

Vertigo is generally categorized as peripheral or central, depending on the source of the disturbance.

Peripheral Vertigo

Peripheral vertigo is related to problems in the inner ear. The vestibular system sends signals to the brain about head position and movement, allowing the body to maintain balance. When these signals are disrupted, vertigo can occur.


Peripheral vertigo is often caused by inflammation related to a viral infection and is commonly associated with:


  • Labyrinthitis (inflammation of the inner ear’s labyrinth and vestibular nerve)


  • Vestibular neuronitis (inflammation of the vestibular nerve)


Other causes of peripheral vertigo include:


  • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which occurs when small pieces of calcium break off and become stuck in one of the semicircular canals, sending confusing messages to the brain


  • Ménière’s disease, which involves excess pressure from fluid in the inner ear

Central Vertigo

Central vertigo occurs when the source of the problem is in the brain, most often affecting the brainstem or cerebellum. These areas help coordinate interactions between vision and balance, and disturbances can lead to vertigo.


The most common cause of central vertigo is a migraine headache. Other possible causes include:


  • Stroke


  • Tumors


  • Acoustic neuroma


  • Multiple sclerosis


  • Alcohol


  • Certain drugs

Symptoms Associated With Vertigo

Vertigo itself is a symptom and is defined by the sensation that you or the room is spinning or moving. It may be accompanied by:


  • Nausea or vomiting


  • Hearing loss



  • Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)


  • Difficulty focusing or moving the eyes


  • Double vision


  • A feeling of fullness in the ear


If you are experiencing vertigo, your doctor will perform a thorough physical examination to help determine the cause.

Treatment Options for Vertigo

Treatment depends on the type and severity of vertigo. Some forms resolve without treatment.


  • BPPV, the most common form, often responds well to specific head maneuvers


  • Other forms may be treated effectively with medication



  • If vertigo persists, physical therapy may be recommended to improve balance and reduce symptoms

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is the difference between dizziness and vertigo?

    Vertigo is a specific type of dizziness that creates a spinning or moving sensation, even when you are still.

  • Is vertigo usually caused by an inner ear problem?

    Often, yes. Many cases of vertigo are related to disturbances in the inner ear, though some cases originate in the brain.

  • When should I see a doctor for vertigo?

    If vertigo is severe, recurring, or accompanied by hearing loss, tinnitus, vision changes, or vomiting, medical evaluation is recommended.

Call Allergy & ENT Associates at (615) 889-8802 to learn more or schedule an appointment.