Dizziness

at Allergy & ENT Associates of Middle TN

Dizziness is a blanket term used to describe feelings of unsteadiness and is one of the leading health complaints in the United States, affecting an estimated nine million people annually. For individuals over the age of 70, dizziness is the top reason for a visit to the doctor’s office.



Because dizziness may result from many different conditions—including balance disorders—evaluation is essential to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

What Dizziness Can Affect

Dizziness can interfere with daily life and may impact:


  • Balance and stability


  • Ability to walk safely


  • Focus and coordination


  • Daily activities and independence


Since dizziness can be caused by issues involving the inner ear, brain, or other body systems, diagnosis is important.

What Causes Dizziness?

Dizziness occurs when the brain receives false signals from the body’s balance system, which includes the inner ear, eyes, and sensory nerves. The brain may sense movement and overcompensate, leading to symptoms such as spinning sensations, weakness, or faintness.


There are many potential causes of dizziness, including:


  • Low blood pressure



  • Anemia


  • Dehydration


  • Heat-related disorders


  • Endocrine system disorders (such as diabetes or thyroid disease)


  • Heart conditions


  • High blood pressure


  • Viral or bacterial infections


  • Head trauma


  • Hyperventilation


  • Neurological disorders


  • Certain medications

Balance Disorders Commonly Associated With Dizziness

Several balance disorders are frequently associated with dizziness and/or vertigo, including:


Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)


BPPV causes brief but intense episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in head position. It occurs when tiny crystals in the otolith organs become dislodged and migrate into the semicircular canals.


Ménière’s Disease


Ménière’s disease is a chronic condition that may cause vertigo, tinnitus, fullness in the ear, and fluctuating hearing loss that can become permanent. It typically affects one ear. While the cause is unknown, it may be related to abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear.


Labyrinthitis


Labyrinthitis is inflammation of the inner ear, usually caused by infection. Symptoms may include vertigo, temporary hearing loss, and tinnitus.

Other Symptoms Associated With Dizziness

Symptoms may vary depending on the underlying cause. Patients experiencing dizziness may report:


  • Lightheadedness


  • Fainting


  • Unsteadiness


  • Weakness


  • Vertigo (the sensation of movement in your surroundings)


  • Confusion


  • Disorientation



  • Blurred vision

Treatment Options for Dizziness

Treatment for dizziness depends on the underlying cause. Your doctor will focus on identifying and treating the condition responsible for symptoms.


Treatment options may include:


  • Medications (antihistamines, sedatives, antibiotics, steroids)


  • Physical or occupational therapy


  • Surgery


  • Repositioning exercises


  • Vestibular retraining programs


  • Lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and avoiding alcohol and nicotine

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is the difference between dizziness and vertigo?

    Dizziness is a general term for unsteadiness or lightheadedness. Vertigo is a specific type of dizziness that creates a spinning or moving sensation.

  • Can dizziness be caused by inner ear problems?

    Yes. Many balance disorders related to the inner ear—including BPPV, Ménière’s disease, and labyrinthitis—can cause dizziness.

  • When should I see a doctor for dizziness?

    You should seek medical evaluation if dizziness is persistent, severe, recurring, or associated with vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, blurred vision, fainting, or confusion.

Call Allergy & ENT Associates at (615) 889-8802 to learn more or schedule an appointment.